Introduction
Executive function processes include basic and complex skills that manage the “cognitive load” of completing everyday tasks. For example, to initiate a new routine, the ability to attend and manage environmental information is necessary to move through each step in an activity. Working memory skills are essential to setting the stage for the activity. Similarly, the ability to demonstrate cognitive flexibility, active problem solving, and sound judgment also contribute to “real world” success when following routines or managing multi-step activities.
The Digital Executive Functions Test (DEFT™) offers providers three scenario-based modules that assess these underlying skills through the use of contextual, story-based content that is related to a visual illustration. Each module provides a “role play” situation where decisions need to be made to navigate familiar tasks while integrating key information found in the illustrations. This digital assessment targets three complex occupations including community mobility, medication management, and financial management tasks.
The DEFT™ is a unique psychometrically valid instrument that can be used to identify the capacities required to perform the executive control function skills that support community mobility, medication management, and financial management. Performance on the DEFT™ can be an indicator of IADL risk, and can inform active treatment planning and level of care determinations. These scores further inform patient needs, caregiver burden, and provide considerations for interventions to ensure success.
The Results
Upon administration of each DEFT™ subtest, practitioners will receive a report that offers three scores that summarize the patient performance. These include the Total Score, the Working Memory (WM) Score and the Executive Task Index (ETI) Score. The Total Score aligns with both the level of risk associated with completing the task and the support that should be provided to execute the targeted task. The WM Score provides insight into the patient’s ability to attend to details and recall them after a delay. Finally, the ETI Score provides actionable information that informs the plan of care.